पद

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See also: पद्, पाद, पैदौ, and पैदा

Hindi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Sanskrit पद (padá).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /pəd̪/, [pɐd̪]

Noun[edit]

पद • (pad) m (Urdu spelling پد)

  1. foot
  2. footstep
  3. footprint
  4. mark
  5. sign
  6. home, abode
  7. degree, rank
  8. office
  9. verse, line
  10. head, title

Declension[edit]

Declension of पद (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct पद
pad 		पद
pad
oblique पद
pad 		पदों
padõ
vocative पद
pad 		पदो
pado

Nepali[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

पद • (pad)

  1. rank
  2. post, position

Pali[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Alternative forms

Noun[edit]

पद n

  1. Devanagari script form of pada (“foot”)
    • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎[1], page 250; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
      अथ सब्बासं विभत्तीनं यानि यानि पुब्बानि छ पदानि तानि तानि परस्सपदसञ्ञानि होन्ति।
      Atha sabbāsaṃ vibhattīnaṃ yāni yāni pubbāni cha padāni, tāni tāni parassapadasaññāni honti.
      Then whatever are the first six endings of all the endings, they are called the active endings.

Declension[edit]

Declension table of "पद" (neuter)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)पदं (padaṃ)पदानि (padāni) or पदा (padā)
Accusative (second)पदं (padaṃ)पदानि (padāni)
Instrumental (third)पदेन (padena) or पदा (padā) or पदसा (padasā)पदेहि (padehi) or पदेभि (padebhi)
Dative (fourth)पदस्स (padassa) or पदाय (padāya) or पदत्थं (padatthaṃ)पदानं (padānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)पदस्मा (padasmā) or पदम्हा (padamhā) or पदा (padā)पदेहि (padehi) or पदेभि (padebhi)
Genitive (sixth)पदस्स (padassa)पदानं (padānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)पदस्मिं (padasmiṃ) or पदम्हि (padamhi) or पदे (pade)पदेसु (padesu)
Vocative (calling)पद (pada)पदानि (padāni)

Sanskrit[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Alternative scripts[edit]

Alternative scripts

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *padám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *padám, from Proto-Indo-European *pedóm, originally meaning 'trace, bottom', from *ped- (“step, footprint”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πέδον (pédon, “floor, ground”), Hittite 𒁉𒂊𒁕𒀭 (pēdan, “floor, ground; place”), Old Norse fet (“step”), Old Armenian հետ (het, “footprint, track”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

पद • (padá) stem, n (rarely m)

  1. step, pace, stride
  2. footstep, trace, vestige, mark; the foot itself
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.133.2:
      अ॒भि॒व्लग्या॑ चिदद्रिवः शी॒र्षा या॑तु॒मती॑नाम्।
      छि॒न्धि व॑टू॒रिणा॑ प॒दा म॒हाव॑टूरिणा प॒दा॥
      abhivlágyā cidadrivaḥ śīrṣā́ yātumátīnām.
      chindhí vaṭūríṇā padā́ mahā́vaṭūriṇā padā́.
      Devourer of foes having trampled on the heads of the malignant hosts, crush them with your wide-spreading foot; your vast wide-spreading foot.
  3. sign, token, characteristic
  4. footing, standpoint
  5. position, rank, station, site, abode, home, place
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.22.20:
      तद्विष्णो॑: पर॒मं प॒दं सदा॑ पश्यन्ति सू॒रय॑:।
      दि॒वी॑व॒ चक्षु॒रात॑तम्॥
      tádvíṣṇo: paramáṃ padáṃ sádā paśyanti sūráya:.
      divī̀va cákṣurā́tatam.
      The wise ever contemplate that supreme station of Viṣṇu, as the eye ranges over the sky.
  6. business affair, matter, object or cause of (genitive or compound)
  7. pretext
  8. part, portion, division
  9. (chess) square on a chessboard
  10. plot of ground
  11. the foot as a measure of length (= 12 or 15 fingers' breadth, or 1/2 or 1/3 or 3/7 of a प्रक्रम (prakrama))
  12. ray of light
  13. (poetry) a verse, a quarter or line of a stanza
  14. a word or an inflected word or the stem of a noun in the middle cases and before some तद्धित (taddhita)s
  15. = पदपाठ (pada-pāṭha)
  16. common name of the parasmaipada and ātmanepada
  17. any one in a set of numbers the sum of which is required
  18. a period in an arithmetical progression
  19. square root
  20. quadrant
  21. protection

Declension[edit]

Neuter a-stem declension of पद (padá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative पदम्
padám 		पदे
padé 		पदानि / पदा¹
padā́ni / padā́¹
Vocative पद
páda 		पदे
páde 		पदानि / पदा¹
pádāni / pádā¹
Accusative पदम्
padám 		पदे
padé 		पदानि / पदा¹
padā́ni / padā́¹
Instrumental पदेन
padéna 		पदाभ्याम्
padā́bhyām 		पदैः / पदेभिः¹
padaíḥ / padébhiḥ¹
Dative पदाय
padā́ya 		पदाभ्याम्
padā́bhyām 		पदेभ्यः
padébhyaḥ
Ablative पदात्
padā́t 		पदाभ्याम्
padā́bhyām 		पदेभ्यः
padébhyaḥ
Genitive पदस्य
padásya 		पदयोः
padáyoḥ 		पदानाम्
padā́nām
Locative पदे
padé 		पदयोः
padáyoḥ 		पदेषु
padéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Masculine a-stem declension of पद (padá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative पदः
padáḥ 		पदौ / पदा¹
padaú / padā́¹ 		पदाः / पदासः¹
padā́ḥ / padā́saḥ¹
Vocative पद
páda 		पदौ / पदा¹
pádau / pádā¹ 		पदाः / पदासः¹
pádāḥ / pádāsaḥ¹
Accusative पदम्
padám 		पदौ / पदा¹
padaú / padā́¹ 		पदान्
padā́n
Instrumental पदेन
padéna 		पदाभ्याम्
padā́bhyām 		पदैः / पदेभिः¹
padaíḥ / padébhiḥ¹
Dative पदाय
padā́ya 		पदाभ्याम्
padā́bhyām 		पदेभ्यः
padébhyaḥ
Ablative पदात्
padā́t 		पदाभ्याम्
padā́bhyām 		पदेभ्यः
padébhyaḥ
Genitive पदस्य
padásya 		पदयोः
padáyoḥ 		पदानाम्
padā́nām
Locative पदे
padé 		पदयोः
padáyoḥ 		पदेषु
padéṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants[edit]

  • Pali: pada
  • → Old Javanese: pada
  • → Tamil: பாதம் (pātam), பதவி (patavi)
  • → Telugu: పదము (padamu)
  • → Bengali: পদ (pod)

References[edit]

  • Monier Williams (1899) “पद”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0583/1.
  • Alexander Lubotsky, A Rgvedic Word Concordance, American Oriental Society, 1997, lemma padá
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 78-9
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